Workers’ compensation defendants regularly deal with disputes in regards to interpreter fees, particularly as to whether they are entitled to the market rate or the fee schedule. One would assume that since there is a fee schedule in place, an interpreter’s rate is not rebuttable – however, the California Code of Regulations seems to provide the interpreters with a loophole.
Per C.C.R. §9795.3:
- For an appeals board hearing, arbitration, or deposition: interpreter fees shall be billed and paid at the greater of the following (i) at the rate for one-half day or one full day as set forth in the Superior Court fee schedule for interpreters in the county where the service was provided, or (ii) at the market rate. The interpreter shall establish the market rate for the interpreter’s services by submitting documentation to the claims administrator, including a list of recent similar services performed and the amounts paid for those services. Services over 8 hours shall be paid at the rate of one-eighth the full day rate for each hour of service over 8 hours.
- For all other events listed under subdivision (a), interpreter fees shall be billed and paid at the rate of $11.25 per quarter hour or portion thereof, with a minimum payment of two hours, or the market rate, whichever is greater. The interpreter shall establish the market rate for the interpreter’s services by submitting documentation to the claims administrator, including a list of recent similar services performed and the amounts paid for those services.
(Emphasis added)
Despite that the regulations seems to allow for a higher rate for interpreters, there are many other arguments that can be made to minimize if not, completely eliminate, some of the interpreter’s billings.
Requirement to Submit for Second Review
Most recently, in Meadowbrook Insurance Co. v. WCAB, ((2019) 84 CCC 1033), a California appeals court ruled that claims administrator Meadowbrook Insurance was not required to pay a disputed fee for interpreter services because the interpreter failed to submit a second review appeal before filing a lien.
Meadowbrook argued California Labor Code Section 4603.2, which states that if the only dispute is the amount of the payment, and the provider does not request a second review within 90 days, the bill shall be deemed satisfied and neither the employer nor the employee shall be liable for any further payment.
A provider cannot resubmit the bill to the administrator, nor can they make a written demand alone for the remaining payment, and later argue that those requests should be construed as requests for second review. C.C.R. § 9792.5.5 has specific requirements, as well as a specific form, DWC Form SBR-1, that must be submitted along with the request. The submission for second review is mandatory. If this step is skipped, a provider could risk waiving all their rights to recovery for the disputed amount.
Establishing Market Rate
In the en banc decision of Guitron v. Santa Fe Extruder ( (2011) 76 CCC 228), the appeals board determined that although an employer is required to pay for an interpreter at medical treatment appointments, the interpreter has the burden of proving entitlement to the fees billed. To recover its charges for interpreter services, the interpreter lien claimant bears the burden to prove that:
- the services it provided were reasonably required,
- the services were actually provided,
- the interpreter was qualified to provide the services, and
- the fees charged were reasonable.
C.C.R. §9795.3 provides that the interpreter shall establish the market rate for the interpreter’s services by submitting documentation to the claims administrator, including a list of recent similar services performed and the amounts paid for those services. This could be submitted in the form of prior payment made by other carriers. If these documents are not produced, the interpreter would not be able to carry its burden to prove up its case for a higher market rate.
Requirement to Provide Certified Interpreters
Another argument a claims administrator could make against a higher interpreter rate and the billing altogether, is to argue that the appearing interpreter was not certified. While a claims administrator/employer is required to pay for interpreting services to alleviate communication barriers, Labor Code Section 4600(g) states that an employer shall not be required to pay for the services of an interpreter who is not certified or is provisionally certified by the person conducting the medical treatment or examination, unless the administrator/employer consents in advance.
In other words, if the interpreter does not meet the necessary certifications, then these bills could be denied payment in their entirety. Thus, claims administrators should make it a habit to regularly check the certification numbers of the appearing interpreters.
Conclusion
In conclusion, it is worth noting that while one can make the aforementioned arguments, proceeding to trial on these issues does carry some notable risk. After all, there is not much case law on this issue, which could make trial results more unpredictable. And the longer the issue is litigated and the longer the balance remains unpaid, daily interest accrues on each of the date(s) of service until the outstanding amount is paid.
With that in mind, we recommend that you carefully choose which interpreter fee disputes you intend to push to trial.
Julie Insisoulath is an associate attorney at Bradford & Barthel’s Oakland office. If you have questions about interpreter fee disputes or any other workers’ compensation defense issues, please feel free to call Julie at 510.268.0061 or email her at jinsisoulath@bradfordbarthel.com.
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